General objective of the module:
i. This module aims to provide a wider focus on issues that would lead to effective teaching of geography and at the same time create a situation to explore and appreciate the historical context from which geography developed.
ii. It is also designed to promote an understanding in applying the different strategies of teaching geography at different levels and purposes.

Specific objectives or learning outcomes:
On completion of this module, the trainee teacher will be able to:

i. Explore and examine the literature on historical perspectives, nature of Modem Geography and Geography in Education;
ii. Appraise and utilize the different methods in the teaching-learning process of geography;
iii. Explore and analyse the use of resources for learning activities in geography.
iv. Evaluate the role and contribution of geography in the Bhutanese school curriculum.
v. Examine and analyse photographs inserted in geography textbooks as resources.
vi. Use ICT to enhance teaching and learning geography.
Subject matter of the module
1. What is Geography?
• Meaning, Definition, Nature and Scope of Geography.

General objective of the module:
i. This Module aims to sensitise the student teachers to development issues, which are among the most vital that fall within the scope of geographical study. Hence an opportunity is provided here to explore and examine the aspects of development and interdependence in the world at large with emphasis on the Third World.
ii. An attempt is made to raise an awareness of the relevance of development issues to the lives of ordinary people.

Specific objectives or learning outcomes:
On completion of this module, the trainee teacher will be able to:

i. Define the term development as used in the context of this Module;
ii. Examine literature on the concepts of the Divided World, Third World and the North-South Divide;
iii. Critically analyse the major issues of development;
iv. Learn skills to be able to detect bias in maps and statistics used in development studies;
v. Develop case studies of the key development issues related to the Bhutanese context;
vi. Establish a sensible understanding of development issues in the world;
vii. Appreciate the implications in their lives;
viii. Apply the knowledge of the above issues with a better understanding in the Bhutanese context.
Subject matter of the module
1. What is Development?
• Meaning of Development
• Terms and definitions related to Development
• Drewnoski’s Concept of Levels of Living
• Rostow’s Model of Economic Development
• Measuring Different Aspects of Development
• Levels of Development

2. Measuring Development.
• Attempts at Measuring Development.
• Using Population Statistics
• Another Way To Measure Development

3. The Divided World – the North-South Divide.
• Concept and Definition
• Divided World Description
• The North-South Debate and Brandt Report.
• Agenda 21/ Earth Summit 2002
• Sustainable Development
• Millennium Development Goals
• Gross National Happiness

4. Describing the World – Bias in maps and Statistics.
• The Sources and Reliability of Data.
• Bias in maps
• Bias in Statistics
• Statistics can be unreliable for Comparison

5. Debating Major Development Issues.
• Population
• Aid
• Tourism
• Underdevelopment
• Natural Disasters

Mode of Assessment:

1. Examination: 50
2. Course Work: 50
• Major Coursework on a Development Issue in the country: 20
• Debating the Issues – Research and presentation: 20
• Activity Questions on the 4 topics: 10

General objective of the module:
i. This module intends to develop the ability of the student teachers to examine and assess the process of political changes in the various parts of the world.
ii. To compare the national development in Bhutan with newly emerged states
iii. To assess the circumstances, which led to the rise of nationalism, national movements and the emergence of the nation states during the 9th and 20th centuries?
iv. To teach world history effectively.

Specific objectives or learning outcomes:
On completion of this module, the trainee teacher will be able to:

i. Analyze and assess the causes responsible for the rise of the nationalism and the national movements
ii. Examine the emergence of the Nation states and their impact on the colonial policies of the imperialist powers and international relation.
iii. Examine the causes responsible for the rise of the Nationalism in Asia, Africa and Latin American countries and their impacts on Britain.
iv. Examine the causes for the emergence of Bangladesh and its effects on the world politics in general and south Asia in particular.
v. Analyze the circumstances responsible for the constitutional revolution in Iran and its effects on the social, political and economic life of the of the people of Iran and the world politics
vi. Examine the causes of the freedom struggle in India and its effects on Britain.
vii. Analyze the circumstances responsible for the unification of Italy.
viii. Examine the circumstances, which led to the emergence of Israel and its influence on the politics of the Arab world.
ix. Make a comparative study on the emergence of Bhutan as a Modern State.
x. Instil the value of the factors responsible to the emergence of the nation states.
Subject matter of the module
a) The Revolt of thirteen colonies
• The causes of the American revolution of the late 18th century
• Results and its impact to the social, economic and political life.
• Its significance in the world.

b) The movement for the Greek war of independence in the early 19th century.
• Causes and consequences of the Greek war.
• Its impact in the world.

c) Simon Bolivar and struggle for the Latin American independence in the early 19thncentury.

d) Imperialism and Nationalism in South Asia 1885-1947.
• Malaysia
• Indonesia
• Burma
e) The emergence of Bangladesh from Pakistan- 1940-1971.
• Causes and consequences.
• Its impact in the world.

f) Iran from the constitutional revolution to the Khomeini revolution.
• Causes and consequences.
• Its impact in the world.

g) Freedom struggle in India in the 19th century.
• Causes and consequences
• Its impact in the world.
h) The emergence of Bhutan as a modern state.
• Significance
• Its impact to the social, economic and political life of the people.

i) Unification of Italy in the 19th century.
• Causes and consequences
• Its impact in the world.

j) Unification of Germany in the 19th century.
• Causes and consequences
• Its impact in the world.

k) Emergence of Israel as a nation state.
• Causes and consequences
• Its impact in the world.

l) Emergence of Japan as a modern state.
• Causes and consequences of the Greek war.
• Its impact in the world.
Mode of Assessment:
Nature of Assignments Course work (50%) Remarks
Minor assignments 2 1000 to 1500 words
Major assignments 2 3000 – 5000 words
Group presentations 1-3
Any other area Viva voce

General objective of the module:
i. To give clear knowledge of the principles which help in the promotion of international cooperation and the world peace?
ii. This module also intends to make the student teachers to understand and teach the significance of international organization in the world affairs at lower, middle and higher secondary school levels.
iii. Value the philosophy and principles of the international organizations.

Specific objectives or learning outcomes:

i. Analyze the treaty of Versailles and the circumstances responsible for the establishment of the League of Nations.
ii. Examine the causes responsible for the failure of the League of Nations.
iii. Examine the causes responsible for the formation of the United Nations and its aims and objectives
iv. Analyze and assess the formation and functions of the UN agencies.
v. Examine the importance of the UN and its agencies in the World Affairs since 1945.
vi. Examine the causes responsible for the formation of the various regional organizations, their aims, objectives and importance in the development of internationalism.
vii. Assess the roles and contributions of different regional and the international organizations
viii. Develop an awareness of the historical continuity of the world affairs among the student teachers.
ix. Critically examine on the information and ideas of internationalism.
x. Teach the philosophy and principles of internationalism in the schools effectively.
Subject matter of the module
a) Paris Peace Conference with special roles of the Big Three (Britain, France and the USA.)

b) Treaty of Versailles-1919,
• Causes and significance
• Its main provisions,
• Merits and demerits,
• Its impact on the subsequent politics of Europe in general and on the world as a whole.

c) Foundation of the League of Nations,
• Principles,
• Aims and objectives,
• Organs – the General Assembly, the Council, the Secretariat,
• Achievements with special reference to the role of the permanent members of the league
• Causes of the failure of the League of Nations and,
• The outbreak of the World War II

c) Foundation of United Nations Organisation-1945:
• Its principles,
• Aims and objectives,
• Organs-the general Assembly, the secretariat, the Security council, the Economic and Social Council, the Trusteeship Council, International Court of justice
• Impact on the present world.

d) The agencies of the United Nations, their role and achievements in world affairs:
• UNESCO,
• UNICEF,
• WHO,
• FAO,
• World Bank,
• The Atomic Energy commission and
• UNDP.

e) The U.N. and the world affairs since 1945 to the present:

• The case of Indonesia
• The UN and the Korean War.
• The UN and Cambodian problem
• The UN and the Iran-Iraq conflict
• The UN and the problem of Afghanistan
• The UN and the Kuwait problem and,
• The UN and the Palestine

f) The growth of International Cooperation and the world economy-international trade, communications and culture.
• SAARC,
• EU,
• ASEAN,
• WTO and
• NAM.

Mode of Assessment:

Nature of Assignments Course work (50%)
Examination (50%) Remarks
Minor assignments 2 1000 to 1500 words
Major assignments 1 3000 – 5000 words
Group presentations 1-3
Any other area Examination