General objective of the module:
This Module has been designed to help the student teachers:
i. Enhance their knowledge on people and their societies.
ii. Understand the issues related to ‘people and their societies’ in greater depth.
iii. Appreciate issues related to ‘people and their societies’ in greater depth.

Specific objectives or learning outcomes:
On completion of this module, the trainee teacher will be able to:

i. Examine the theories related to the origins of people, the races, their earliest settlements, migration and gradual spread over the world;
ii. Analyse the information on the origin, definition and components of culture and trace the formations of cultural hearths in the world;
iii. Explain the process of cultural changes;
iv. Study the dynamics related to the growth, characteristics and distribution of world population, population explosion, over population, aging population, depopulation and associated issues;
v. Realise that different attitudes affect population characteristics;
vi. Investigate the issues related to migration, changing world migration patterns and the problems of refugees;
vii. Apply the knowledge of the above issues with a better understanding in the Bhutanese context.

Subject matter of the module

1. Origin of the Homosapiens.
• The Questions of Origin – Where it begin? The Evolution of Human Beings, How Prehistoric humans developed.
• The Early Migration of Human Groups
• Formation and Distribution of Different Races in the World – Types of Races, Nature and Origin.
2. Cultures of the World.
• Root and meaning of Culture – Origin of Culture, Definition of culture.
• Components of Culture – Different Classificatory devices – Artefacts, Mentifacts and Sociofacts, Culture Traits, Complexes, Regions, and Realms.
• The Geography of Language and Religion.
• Geographic facets of ethnicity, race, and gender
3. The Development of Human Cultures.
• The Changes in Human Culture from the Hunting –Gathering Stage to Modern set-up.
• The Development of Tools
• The Beginning of Farming
• The growth of Cities
• The Development of Writing
4. The Formation of Cultural Hearths.
• The Old Cultural Hearths
• The New World Hearths
• Modern Cultural Realms
5. Cultural Changes.
• The Structure of Culture
• Culture Change – Innovation and Diffusion processes
• Cultural Modifications and Adoption
• Cultural landscapes politics, nationalism and identity formation
• Geopolitics and the forces of cooperation and conflict that influence the division and control of the earth’s surface.
6. The World’s Population.
• World Population Growth – The growing Population, How fast can Populations grow? Factors.
• Demographic Perspectives – Premodern Doctrines, Malthus, Marxist Perspective,
• Early Modern Population Theories – Boserup, JS Mill, Brentano, Demographic Transition Theory
• Where Do People Live? - Distribution of Population, mapping Population Densities and Distribution.
• What Makes Population Change? – Changes in Death Rates, Birth Rates
• Population Structures – Types and Significance of each.
7. Population Issues.
• Overpopulation
• Zero Population Growth
• Aging Population
• Population Growth and Economic Development.
• Population and the Future
8. World Migration.
• Definition, Types of Migration
• Theories To Explain Why People Move
• Causes and Impacts of Migration.
• Changing Migration Patterns – The Problem of Refugees.
Mode of Assessment:
i. Examination: 50
ii. Course Work: 50
? Minor Assignment: 20
? Seminar on Cultural Investigations: 10
? Mapping Population Data Exercises: 20

General objective of the module:
i. This Module deliberates and discusses the vital questions on the origin, forms, types, spatial patterns and their distributions of settlements. Settlements form an integral part of human geography, which is concerned with the spatial analysis of human populations.
ii. This Module has been intended to help student teachers to enhance knowledge and at the same time comprehend and value the issues associated to human settlements in greater depth.
iii. It aims to promote awareness and understanding of the quality of life, raise questions about the relationship of people with their environments and implications of spatial justice in different settlements.

Specific objectives or learning outcomes:
On completion of this module, the trainee teacher will be able to:

i. Trace the origin and development of settlements from the ancient times;
ii. Examine the types and patterns of settlements with reference to the locational factors;
iii. Explain the growth and spread of rural settlements;
iv. Analyse the patterns of growth and functions of towns and cities with reference to the urban land use theories – Hoyt, Burgess, Rank Size Rule and Central Place Theory;
v. Compare and contrast the processes of urbanisation in the developing and develop[ed countries;
vi. Consider the problems of urbanisation;
vii. Critically examine the socio-economic implications of urbanisation in terms of urban sprawl, shanty towns, squatters and bustees;
viii. Apply the knowledge to the Bhutanese context.

General objective of the module:
This module aims to give the student teachers a clear and deeper knowledge of different ideas, which have influenced the course of historical (Social, political, economic and religious) development in the world. It will also help the student teachers to increase their ability to understand and teach history more effectively and efficiently at lower, middle and higher secondary school levels.

Specific objectives or learning outcomes:
On completion of this module, the trainee teacher will be able to:

i. Explain the concept (Important features) of the different ideas; identify the nations/ regions of the world that are governed by these ideas.
ii. Analyze the causes behind the rise of the different ideas.
iii. Analyze the impact of each idea on the social, political, economic, and cultural aspects of a nation.
iv. Analyze the importance/ significance of each idea, highlighting its advantages and disadvantages.
v. Examine the origin of the philosophies and their effects on the social, political life of the people in the world.
vi. Critically examine their role in the current World affairs.
vii. Examine the origin of different religions and their effects on the social, political, cultural and economic life on the people in the world.
viii. Tackle each idea adequately while teaching history.
ix. Develop an unbiased notion on each of idea.
x. Compare and contrast different ideas.

Subject matter of the module

a) Monarchy
Origin, Concept and meaning, Types of monarchy, Characteristics, an Comparative studies.

b) Imperialism
Origin, Concept and meaning, Types of imperialism, Characteristics, and Comparative studies

c) Feudalism
Origin, Concept and meaning, Characteristics, and Comparative studies

d) Capitalism
Origin, Concept and meaning, Salient features or Characteristics, and Comparative studies

e) Communism
Origin, Concept and meaning, Characteristics, and Comparative

f) Democracy
Origin, Concept and meaning, Types of democracy, Characteristics, and
Comparative studies

g) Socialism
Origin, Concept and meaning, Characteristics, and Comparative studies

h) Humanism
Origin, Concept and meaning, Characteristics, and Comparative studies

i) Hinduism
Origin, Concept and meaning, Philosophy and its principles, Characteristics, and Comparative studies.

j) Buddhism
Origin, Concept and meaning, its philosophy and principle, Characteristics, and Comparative studies

k) Christianity
Origin, Concept and meaning, Characteristics, and Comparative studies

l) Islam.
Origin, Concept and meaning, Characteristics, and Comparative studies

Mode of Assessment:

Nature of Assignments Course work (100%)
Remarks
Minor assignments 2 1000 to 1500 words
Major assignments 2 3000 – 5000 words
Group presentations 2-3
Viva voce 1

General objective of the module:
The student teacher will get a clear and deeper knowledge of the history of some of the countries of Europe, America and Asia, which played important roles in changing the attitude towards world politics and shaping the present world scenario. This module also intends to help the student teachers to teach world history more effectively and efficiently on relevant levels in the schools.

Specific objectives or learning outcomes:
On completion of this module, the trainee teacher will be able to:

i. Analyze the causes and results of the Chinese Revolution of 1911 and its impact on the social, political and economic and cultural life of the people of China.
ii. Examine the effects of the Chinese Revolution of 1911 on the international politics in general and the politics of Asia in particular.
iii. Compare and contrast the then life of the people of China with those of the present time.
iv. Assess the impact of Chinese communism in the international arena.
v. Examine the circumstances, which led to the unification of Germany.
vi. Analyze the effect of the unification of Germany on the social, political, economic and cultural life of the people of Germany.
vii. Analyze the effect of the unification of Germany on the policies of the Europe in general and the world in particular
viii. Analyze the causes and results of the American Civil War and its effects on the social, political and economic life of the people of USA.
ix. Analyze the effects of the American Civil War on the foreign policy of America and its effects on the World politics.
x. Develop in-dept history skills like inferences, interpretation, critical analysis and examining to teach world history effectively.

Subject matter of the module

a) China since the revolution of 1911:
• Causes of the Chinese revolution of 1911.
• The first Republic of China.
• Yuan Shih-Kai’s betrayal of the republic.
• The First World War and its impact on China.
• The period of warlordism 1919-1927.
• The civil war –clash of arms between the nationalist and the communist.
• The Japanese invasion of Manchuria-1930-1945.
• Chinese foreign policy1949 till present.

b) Germany since Bismarck to Hitler:
• Bismarck and the Unification of Germany.
• German foreign policy 1870-1890.
• Kaiser William’s foreign policy1890 1918.
• Paris peace conference and the role of Britain, France and the US.
• Treaty of Versailles.
• Emergence of Hitler.
• Hitler’s foreign policy.
• The Second World War.
• Impact of WW 2 on Germany.

c) United States of America since the civil war:
• A brief history of United States of America.
• Causes of the American civil war.
• Results of the American civil war.
• Significance or impact of the American civil war.
• Monroe doctrine and its principles.
• American imperialism.
• Spanish war.
• Impact of Spanish war on America.
• America and the world politics.
• First World War and the role of USA.
• Second World War and the USA.
• American foreign policy since 1945 till present.

Mode of Assessment:

Nature of Assignments Course work (50%)
Examination (50%) Remarks
Minor assignments 2 1000 to 1500 words
Major assignments 1 3000 – 5000 words
Group presentations 1-3
Any other area Examination